Practice Reference Frame in Physics

Use these practice problems to test your method after reviewing the concept explanation and worked examples.

Quick Recap

A coordinate system attached to a particular observer that is used to describe the positions and motions of objects.

Are you 'moving' on a train? Depends on whether you ask someone on the train or the platform.

Showing a random 20 of 50 problems.

Example 1

medium
In the ground frame, ball A moves east at 4 m/s4 \text{ m/s} and ball B moves north at 3 m/s3 \text{ m/s}. Find the speed of A in B's frame.

Example 2

hard
An elevator accelerates upward at 2 m/s22 \text{ m/s}^2. In the elevator frame, what is the apparent gravitational acceleration? Use g=9.8 m/s2g = 9.8 \text{ m/s}^2.

Example 3

easy
The same passenger, viewed from the platform, when the train moves at 3030 m/s. Her velocity?

Example 4

easy
An escalator moves up at 0.8 m/s0.8 \text{ m/s}. A man walks down the escalator at 0.8 m/s0.8 \text{ m/s} relative to the escalator. What is his velocity in the ground frame?

Example 5

easy
Name a non-inertial reference frame you experience in everyday life.

Example 6

hard
A river is 80 m80 \text{ m} wide flowing east at 0.8 m/s0.8 \text{ m/s}. A boat can move at 2 m/s2 \text{ m/s} in still water. What heading angle (measured from due north) achieves zero downstream drift, and what is the crossing time?

Example 7

hard
An observer in an accelerating bus (acceleration aa forward) sees a ball on a frictionless tray. In the bus frame, what is the ball's apparent acceleration?

Example 8

medium
Car A moves 3030 m/s east, car B moves 2020 m/s west. Find A's velocity relative to B.

Example 9

hard
Plane A flies 200 km/h200 \text{ km/h} east, plane B flies 200 km/h200 \text{ km/h} at 60°60° north of east. Find the speed of B in A's frame.

Example 10

easy
Two cars drive side by side at 2525 m/s. What is one car's velocity relative to the other?

Example 11

easy
Can an object be at rest in one frame and moving in another at the same time?

Example 12

medium
In the ground frame a falling raindrop moves straight down at 5 m/s5 \text{ m/s}. A car moves east at 5 m/s5 \text{ m/s}. In the car frame, what angle do the streaks on the side window make with the vertical?

Example 13

medium
A coin is dropped inside a car moving east at 20 m/s20 \text{ m/s} at constant velocity. In the ground frame, what is the coin's horizontal velocity while falling?

Example 14

easy
Train A moves east at 30 m/s30 \text{ m/s} and Train B moves east at 20 m/s20 \text{ m/s}, both relative to the ground. What is the velocity of Train A relative to Train B?

Example 15

challenge
A boat heads 44 m/s north across a river flowing 33 m/s east. Find the boat's speed relative to the bank.

Example 16

medium
If frame S' moves at constant velocity V\vec{V} relative to frame S, is S' inertial when S is inertial?

Example 17

medium
A river flows 33 m/s east. A swimmer's velocity is 33 m/s east relative to water. Find the swimmer's velocity relative to the bank.

Example 18

challenge
Standing on a train moving 1010 m/s east, you throw a ball 55 m/s east (train frame) and it lands. In the ground frame, what is the ball's horizontal velocity?

Example 19

medium
A person walks 22 m/s toward the front of a train moving 2020 m/s. Find their velocity relative to the ground.

Example 20

medium
A boy throws a ball horizontally at 4 m/s4 \text{ m/s} from a flatbed truck moving at 10 m/s10 \text{ m/s} in the same direction. What is the ball's initial horizontal speed in the ground frame?