Conservation of Momentum Physics Example 2

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Example 2

hard
A 2ย kg2 \text{ kg} ball moving at 6ย m/s6 \text{ m/s} right collides elastically with a 2ย kg2 \text{ kg} ball at rest. What are the final velocities?

Solution

  1. 1
    In an elastic collision between equal masses where one is at rest, the first object stops and the second moves with the first object's initial velocity.
  2. 2
    Conservation of momentum: 2(6)+2(0)=2v1+2v2โ€…โ€ŠโŸนโ€…โ€Šv1+v2=62(6) + 2(0) = 2v_1 + 2v_2 \implies v_1 + v_2 = 6.
  3. 3
    Conservation of kinetic energy: 12(2)(62)=12(2)(v12)+12(2)(v22)โ€…โ€ŠโŸนโ€…โ€Šv12+v22=36\frac{1}{2}(2)(6^2) = \frac{1}{2}(2)(v_1^2) + \frac{1}{2}(2)(v_2^2) \implies v_1^2 + v_2^2 = 36.
  4. 4
    Solving: v1=0ย m/sv_1 = 0 \text{ m/s} and v2=6ย m/sv_2 = 6 \text{ m/s}.

Answer

v1=0ย m/s,v2=6ย m/sv_1 = 0 \text{ m/s}, \quad v_2 = 6 \text{ m/s}
In a head-on elastic collision between equal masses, the moving object stops and transfers all its velocity to the stationary one. Both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved.

About Conservation of Momentum

In a closed system with no net external force, the total momentum of all objects remains constant before and after any interaction โ€” momentum is.

Learn more about Conservation of Momentum โ†’

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