Related Rates Math Example 4

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Example 4

medium
Water fills a cone (apex down) of radius 3 m and height 6 m at 2 mยณ/min. How fast is the water level rising when h=4h = 4 m?

Solution

  1. 1
    By similar triangles, radius at height hh: rh=36โ‡’r=h2\frac{r}{h} = \frac{3}{6} \Rightarrow r = \frac{h}{2}.
  2. 2
    Volume: V=13ฯ€r2h=13ฯ€h24h=ฯ€h312V = \frac{1}{3}\pi r^2 h = \frac{1}{3}\pi\frac{h^2}{4}h = \frac{\pi h^3}{12}.
  3. 3
    dVdt=ฯ€h24dhdt\frac{dV}{dt} = \frac{\pi h^2}{4}\frac{dh}{dt}.
  4. 4
    At h=4h=4: 2=ฯ€(16)4dhdt=4ฯ€dhdtโ‡’dhdt=12ฯ€2 = \frac{\pi(16)}{4}\frac{dh}{dt} = 4\pi\frac{dh}{dt} \Rightarrow \frac{dh}{dt} = \frac{1}{2\pi} m/min.

Answer

dhdt=12ฯ€โ‰ˆ0.159ย m/min\frac{dh}{dt} = \frac{1}{2\pi} \approx 0.159 \text{ m/min}
Use similar triangles to express rr in terms of hh, reducing to a one-variable volume formula. Then differentiate and solve for dh/dtdh/dt.

About Related Rates

Problems where two or more quantities change with time and are related by an equation. Differentiate the equation with respect to time tt and use known rates to find an unknown rate.

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