Newton's First Law Physics Example 4

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Example 4

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A bus travels at 12 m/s12 \text{ m/s} and brakes suddenly. A backpack on the floor slides forward. According to Newton's first law, what was the backpack's velocity immediately before friction acted on it?

Solution

  1. 1
    Newton's first law says an object keeps its current velocity unless a net force changes it.
  2. 2
    So immediately before friction acted, the backpack kept moving with the bus's original velocity of 12 m/s12 \text{ m/s} forward.

Answer

12 m/s forward12 \text{ m/s forward}
The backpack slides forward because inertia resists the change in motion. Braking slows the bus, but the backpack initially continues at the same velocity until friction exerts a force on it.

About Newton's First Law

An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion continues moving at constant velocity in a straight line, unless acted upon by.

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