Salt Examples: 45 Problems with Answers

Start with the recap, study the fully worked examples, then use the practice problems to check your understanding of Salt.

This page combines explanation, solved examples, and follow-up practice so you can move from recognition to confident problem-solving in Chemistry.

Concept Recap

In chemistry, a salt is an ionic compound made of cations and anions, often formed when an acid reacts with a base in a neutralization.

A salt is the ionic compound left over after the acid-base part of a reaction has made water.

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How to Use These Examples

  • Read the first worked example with the solution open so the structure is clear.
  • Try the practice problems before revealing each solution.
  • Use the related concepts and background knowledge badges if you feel stuck.

What to Focus On

Core idea: Salt starts by identifying the acid/base species, ions produced or transferred, and pH evidence.

Common stuck point: Students often know a formula related to salt but skip the recognition step: Am I tracking acid/base identity, pH, ions in solution, neutralization, buffer behavior, or salt formation? That leads to a correct-looking substitution attached to the wrong chemical model.

Sense of Study hint: Ask: Am I tracking acid/base identity, pH, ions in solution, neutralization, buffer behavior, or salt formation?

Worked Examples

Example 1

medium
Worked example: identify spectator ions in Pb(NO3)2+2KI→PbI2(s)+2KNO3.

Answer

K+ and NO3−

First step

1
Pb2+ and I− combine into the precipitate PbI2.

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Example 2

medium
Worked example: when AgNO3(aq)+KBr(aq)→AgBr(s)+KNO3(aq), the salt that precipitates is which?

Example 3

hard
Worked example: classify pH (acidic/basic/neutral) and justify each: LiCl, (NH4)2SO4, Na3PO4.

Example 4

challenge
Worked example: 0.50 mol Ca(OH)2 reacts with 0.80 mol HCl. Find the moles of CaCl2 formed and what reagent is in excess.

Practice Problems

Try these problems on your own first, then open the solution to compare your method.

Example 1

easy
What type of compound is a salt?

Example 2

easy
What salt forms when HCl neutralizes NaOH?

Example 3

easy
Is KNO3 a salt?

Example 4

easy
Name the salt formed from H2SO4 and KOH.

Example 5

easy
Does dissolving NaCl in water produce ions?

Example 6

easy
Is the salt NaCl acidic, basic, or neutral in water?

Example 7

easy
What two products always form in an acid-base neutralization?

Example 8

easy
Is the salt NH4Cl acidic, basic, or neutral?

Example 9

medium
How many moles of NaCl form when 2 mol HCl react completely with NaOH?

Example 10

medium
Write the balanced equation for H2SO4 reacting fully with NaOH.

Example 11

medium
What mass of NaCl (58.5 g/mol) forms from 0.50 mol HCl plus excess NaOH?

Example 12

medium
Predict whether sodium acetate (CH3COONa) gives an acidic, basic, or neutral solution.

Example 13

medium
Identify the spectator ions in AgNO3+NaCl→AgCl+NaNO3.

Example 14

medium
How many ions per formula unit does the salt Na3PO4 release in water?

Example 15

medium
What salt and how many moles of water form when 1 mol Ca(OH)2 reacts with 2 mol HCl?

Example 16

medium
How many moles of K2SO4 form when 2 mol KOH neutralizes excess H2SO4?

Example 17

medium
Predict whether the salt KNO3 gives an acidic, basic, or neutral solution.

Example 18

challenge
A 25.0 mL sample of HCl is neutralized by 30.0 mL of 0.100 M NaOH. Find the moles of NaCl produced.

Example 19

challenge
Classify the pH (acidic/basic/neutral) of these salts and justify: KCl, NH4NO3, K2CO3.

Example 20

challenge
0.20 mol H3PO4 reacts completely with NaOH. What salt forms and how many moles of NaOH are required?

Example 21

easy
What salt forms when HBr neutralizes KOH?

Example 22

easy
Is CaCl2 a salt?

Example 23

easy
Name the salt formed when HNO3 neutralizes LiOH.

Example 24

easy
Is Na2SO4 acidic, basic, or neutral in water?

Example 25

easy
What ions does MgCl2 release in water?

Example 26

medium
How many moles of KBr form from 0.40 mol HBr plus excess KOH?

Example 27

medium
Balance: HNO3+Mg(OH)2→?+H2O.

Example 28

medium
What mass of KCl (74.5 g/mol) forms from 0.20 mol HCl plus excess KOH?

Example 29

medium
Predict the pH behavior of NH4Br (acidic / basic / neutral).

Example 30

medium
How many ions per formula unit does (NH4)2SO4 release in water?

Example 31

medium
How many moles of water form when 1 mol H3PO4 reacts fully with KOH?

Example 32

medium
How many moles of CaSO4 form when 0.50 mol Ca(OH)2 reacts with excess H2SO4?

Example 33

medium
What ions does K3PO4 release in water and how many per formula unit?

Example 34

medium
Predict: is the salt CH3COOK (potassium acetate) acidic, basic, or neutral in water?

Example 35

medium
Na2CO3 comes from strong base NaOH and weak acid H2CO3. Predict its pH behavior.

Example 36

hard
How many grams of Na2SO4 (142 g/mol) form from 0.10 mol H2SO4 plus excess NaOH?

Example 37

hard
35.0 mL of HCl is neutralized by 25.0 mL of 0.200 M NaOH. How many moles of NaCl form?

Example 38

hard
How many moles of MgCl2 form when 50.0 mL of 0.200 M HCl reacts with excess Mg(OH)2?

Example 39

hard
How many grams of K3PO4 (212 g/mol) form when 0.30 mol H3PO4 reacts fully with excess KOH?

Example 40

hard
In the net ionic equation for HCl(aq)+NaOH(aq)→NaCl(aq)+H2O(l), write the net ionic equation.

Example 41

challenge
A 0.10 mol sample of H2SO4 is mixed with 0.15 mol NaOH. Which salt forms, and how many moles of which acid/base are left over?
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Background Knowledge

These ideas may be useful before you work through the harder examples.

neutralizationionic bond