Spring Force Physics Example 5

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Example 5

hard
Two springs are connected in series: k1=200 N/mk_1 = 200 \text{ N/m} and k2=300 N/mk_2 = 300 \text{ N/m}. A 12 N12 \text{ N} force is applied. What is the total extension?

Solution

  1. 1
    In series, the same force acts on each spring. Extension of spring 1: x1=Fk1=12200=0.06 mx_1 = \frac{F}{k_1} = \frac{12}{200} = 0.06 \text{ m}.
  2. 2
    Extension of spring 2: x2=Fk2=12300=0.04 mx_2 = \frac{F}{k_2} = \frac{12}{300} = 0.04 \text{ m}.
  3. 3
    Total extension: xtotal=x1+x2=0.06+0.04=0.10 mx_{\text{total}} = x_1 + x_2 = 0.06 + 0.04 = 0.10 \text{ m}. (Equivalent keff=Fx=120.1=120 N/mk_{\text{eff}} = \frac{F}{x} = \frac{12}{0.1} = 120 \text{ N/m}.)

Answer

xtotal=0.10 mx_{\text{total}} = 0.10 \text{ m}
Springs in series share the same force but each stretches independently. The total extension is the sum of individual extensions, and the effective spring constant is less than either individual constant.

About Spring Force

The restoring force exerted by a spring, proportional to how much it's stretched or compressed.

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