Sudoku
Every row, column and box holds 1 to 9 exactly once.
The maths Constraint deduction
41 cells still empty.
Selected: row 1, column 1 (a given, fixed)
How to play
Fill every empty square so that each row, each column and each outlined 3 by 3 box holds the digits 1 to 9 exactly once. The bold digits on tinted squares are the clues you start with; they cannot be changed.
Pick a square, then press a number on the pad or type it. Backspace, Delete or 0 clears the square. Turn Pencil on to write small candidate digits into a square instead of an answer; entering a real digit wipes that square's pencil marks.
The row, column and box of the selected square are shaded, because those are the three constraints acting on it. A digit that repeats inside one of them turns red and gains a bar underneath, and the status line above counts how many digits clash.
Keyboard: arrow keys move, Home and End jump to the start and end of the row, 1 to 9 enter a digit, 0 or Backspace clears, and P switches the pencil on and off. Every puzzle here has exactly one solution, so you never have to guess.
Why this is mathematics
You never guess at sudoku. Every move is forced by elimination: this cell cannot be 4, 7 or 9, so it is 2. That is the whole of deductive reasoning in miniature โ narrowing possibilities until one survives.