Practice Solute in Chemistry

Use these practice problems to test your method after reviewing the concept explanation and worked examples.

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Quick Recap

The substance that is dissolved in a solution, typically present in a smaller amount than the solvent.

The thing that 'disappears' when you dissolve it — like sugar dissolving in tea. The sugar is the solute.

Showing a random 20 of 50 problems.

Example 1

medium
You add 25 g25\,\text{g} of KNO3\text{KNO}_3 to 100 g100\,\text{g} water; solubility at this temperature is 32 g/100 g32\,\text{g}/100\,\text{g}. Identify the solute and state whether the solute fully dissolves.

Example 2

medium
A laboratory bottle is labeled '2.0 M2.0\,\text{M} NaOH(aq)'. What is the solute, and what does the label tell you about its concentration?

Example 3

medium
A nurse prepares a saline drip: NaClNaCl dissolved in sterile water. Identify the solute and one reason its concentration matters.

Example 4

easy
Ethanol is mixed into water as a small additive. Which is the solute?

Example 5

medium
In a mixture of 90 g ethanol and 10 g water, which is the solute? Explain why state does not decide this.

Example 6

easy
In a saline solution (salt water), what is the solute?

Example 7

easy
In humid air, water vapor is dissolved in nitrogen/oxygen gas. What is the solute?

Example 8

easy
In a solution of sugar dissolved in water, identify the solute and explain its role.

Example 9

challenge
A drink is made by dissolving 12 g sugar and 3 g salt in 185 g water. Identify all solutes, the solvent, and the total solution mass.

Example 10

easy
Fill in the blank: The substance that dissolves in a solvent is the ____.

Example 11

hard
A 100 g100\,\text{g} saturated NaCl solution at 20°C20°\text{C} contains 26.5%26.5\% NaCl. Find the mass of solute that crystallizes if the solution is evaporated until 40 g40\,\text{g} of water remains, with no more dissolving allowed.

Example 12

hard
15.0 g15.0\,\text{g} of glucose (M=180.0 g/molM = 180.0\,\text{g/mol}) and 5.85 g5.85\,\text{g} NaCl (M=58.5 g/molM = 58.5\,\text{g/mol}) are dissolved in 500 mL500\,\text{mL} water. List the solutes and find each one's molar concentration.

Example 13

medium
Why can a gas like oxygen be called a solute when it is dissolved in lake water?

Example 14

easy
In iced tea sweetened with honey, what is the solute?

Example 15

hard
A vinegar bottle is 5%5\% acetic acid by mass. A 250 g250\,\text{g} bottle holds how much solute (acetic acid)? In moles, how much? (M=60.05 g/molM = 60.05\,\text{g/mol})

Example 16

easy
A cup of tea contains tea leaves' extract, sugar, and a small amount of milk dissolved in water. Name three solutes.

Example 17

medium
In carbonated water, CO2\text{CO}_2 gas is dissolved in water. Identify the solute and solvent, and explain what happens when the bottle is opened.

Example 18

medium
Two solutions: (A) 1 spoon sugar in 1 cup water, (B) 3 spoons sugar in 1 cup water. Which has more solute, and what property differs?

Example 19

medium
Sea water averages about 3.5%3.5\% NaCl by mass. In 1.0 kg1.0\,\text{kg} of sea water, how much solute is present?

Example 20

hard
A 250 mL250\,\text{mL} solution contains 0.50 M0.50\,\text{M} KCl. How many grams of solute were dissolved? (MKCl=74.55 g/molM_{\text{KCl}} = 74.55\,\text{g/mol})
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