Chemical Bond Chemistry Example 2

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Example 2

medium
Predict the type of bond formed between: (a) Na and Cl, (b) H and O, (c) C and C. Use electronegativity values: Na = 0.9, Cl = 3.0, H = 2.1, O = 3.5, C = 2.5.

Solution

  1. 1
    (a) ΔEN=∣3.0−0.9∣=2.1\Delta\text{EN} = |3.0 - 0.9| = 2.1 → ionic bond (difference >1.7> 1.7).
  2. 2
    (b) ΔEN=∣3.5−2.1∣=1.4\Delta\text{EN} = |3.5 - 2.1| = 1.4 → polar covalent bond (0.4<ΔEN<1.70.4 < \Delta\text{EN} < 1.7).
  3. 3
    (c) ΔEN=∣2.5−2.5∣=0\Delta\text{EN} = |2.5 - 2.5| = 0 → nonpolar covalent bond (ΔEN<0.4\Delta\text{EN} < 0.4).

Answer

(a) ionic, (b) polar covalent, (c) nonpolar covalent\text{(a) ionic, (b) polar covalent, (c) nonpolar covalent}
The electronegativity difference between two bonded atoms determines bond character: large differences produce ionic bonds, moderate differences produce polar covalent bonds, and small or zero differences produce nonpolar covalent bonds.

About Chemical Bond

A lasting force of attraction between atoms that holds them together in molecules, compounds, or crystal lattices, formed when atoms share electrons (covalent bond), transfer.

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More Chemical Bond Examples

Example 1 easy

What are the three main types of chemical bonds? Give an example of each.

Example 3 easy

Will potassium (K) and bromine (Br) form an ionic or covalent bond? Explain.

Example 4 medium

Why do atoms form chemical bonds instead of always staying separate?

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