Similarity Math Example 2

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Example 2

hard
A tree casts a 1515 m shadow at the same time a 22 m pole casts a 33 m shadow. How tall is the tree?

Solution

  1. 1
    The sun's rays create similar right triangles (same angle of elevation).
  2. 2
    Set up the proportion: tree heighttree shadow=pole heightpole shadow\frac{\text{tree height}}{\text{tree shadow}} = \frac{\text{pole height}}{\text{pole shadow}}.
  3. 3
    Substitute: h15=23\frac{h}{15} = \frac{2}{3}.
  4. 4
    Solve: h=2×153=10h = \frac{2 \times 15}{3} = 10 m.

Answer

h=10 mh = 10 \text{ m}
Shadow problems are a classic application of similar triangles. Objects illuminated by the same light source at the same time form similar triangles because the angle of incidence is equal.

About Similarity

Two figures are similar if they have the same shape but possibly different sizes, meaning all corresponding angles are equal and all corresponding sides are in the same ratio (the scale factor).

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