Practice Octet Rule in Chemistry

Use these practice problems to test your method after reviewing the concept explanation and worked examples.

Quick Recap

A chemical bonding principle stating that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to achieve a stable configuration of 8 electrons in their outermost shell, resembling the electron arrangement of the nearest noble gas.

8 is the magic number. Atoms 'want' a full outer shell like noble gases.

Example 1

easy
State the octet rule and explain why atoms tend to follow it.

Example 2

medium
Use the octet rule to explain why sodium forms \text{Na}^+ and chlorine forms \text{Cl}^- when they react to form NaCl.

Example 3

medium
Use the octet rule to explain why oxygen forms two covalent bonds in a water molecule (\text{H}_2\text{O}).

Example 4

hard
Identify two exceptions to the octet rule and give a specific molecular example of each.